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AI and data science on RCC

RCC supports reproducible data science, machine learning, and AI research when the project governance covers the data and the computation runs through Slurm. AI does not change the normal RCC rules for identity, storage, review, resource requests, or biomedical-data protection.

Related learning: Begin with Class 9 for Python exploration, Class 10 for statistical analysis, and Class 12 before turning a model into a shared service.

Choose the technique from the question

Research goal Useful starting techniques Important check
Describe a cohort or dataset summary statistics, visualization, stratification missingness, selection effects, data quality
Estimate an association or effect regression, survival analysis, causal designs where justified assumptions, uncertainty, confounding
Predict a labeled outcome regularized regression, trees, boosting, neural networks leakage, calibration, external validity
Discover structure without labels clustering, dimensionality reduction, representation learning stability and biological interpretability
Work with images, sequences, or text convolutional, transformer, embedding, or domain-specific models provenance, bias, compute cost, data minimisation
Process data too large for one process chunked/columnar tools or distributed dataframes whether distribution is actually faster than local processing

Start with the simplest method that can answer the question. A larger model is not automatically more accurate, more reproducible, or more scientifically useful.

Reproducible model-development loop

  1. Define the scientific question, outcome, and evaluation measure before fitting models.
  2. Establish a simple baseline.
  3. Separate training, validation, and test data without subject or temporal leakage.
  4. Build preprocessing and feature engineering into the versioned pipeline.
  5. Tune only on training and validation data.
  6. Evaluate once on the held-out test set and report uncertainty, calibration, subgroup behavior, and known limitations.
  7. Record code, environment, parameters, random seeds, data version, Slurm job IDs, logs, metrics, and model artifacts.
  8. Review whether an independent dataset or prospective study is required.

For sensitive biomedical data, avoid copying identifying columns into feature tables, logs, checkpoints, experiment trackers, prompts, or notebook output.

Training and inference

Training is usually the expensive step. Run it as a bounded batch job with checkpoints and explicit CPU, memory, GPU, and time requests. Inference may be a batch workflow, an interactive research step, or a governed service; choose the architecture from the expected users, latency, data sensitivity, and review requirements.

A GPU request is justified only when the framework and workload use it. Measure utilization and compare with a CPU baseline. Do not override CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES, install host drivers, or request multiple GPUs before a single-GPU run demonstrates a scaling need.

Distributed data processing

Spark-style distributed dataframes and task graphs can help with datasets that do not fit one process or with genuinely parallel transformations. They also add serialization, scheduling, network, and debugging overhead.

Before distributing a workflow, try:

  • selecting only required columns and rows;
  • Parquet, Arrow, DuckDB, Polars, or chunked readers;
  • vectorized operations instead of Python loops;
  • one larger-memory Slurm job; and
  • staging high-I/O data to job-local scratch.

If distribution is still justified, use an RCC-approved Slurm integration, bound the number of workers, set memory and time limits, persist only deliberate intermediates, and collect per-stage metrics. Do not create an unmanaged cluster or open worker ports.

Responsible use boundary

An AI result is a research output, not automatically a clinical decision. Clinical use requires the applicable institutional, legal, quality-management, medical-device, validation, and human-oversight processes. Generated labels, embeddings, predictions, prompts, and model checkpoints may remain sensitive or re-identifiable and must follow the same project governance as their source data.